NEW YORK OR LONDON

I prefer to go to New York City because we were in Ramsgate two years ago but we only had one day to visit London and that is what the reason I want to return to London, but really in London, like the students that were in 4th ESO last year becausewhen we went there we didn't spend so much time, but even so I want to go to New York for many other reasons:
-If we go to New York it will be an exchange and because of that we will meet new people that will probably be very nice and friendly.
-We will spend more time in New York than we were in London.
-We will visit a lot of interesting places like Central Park, the Statue of Liberty, Times Square, the Brooklyn Bridge, etc.
-It has a good weather.
-It is a fantastic idea and oportunity .
-If our class or the 4º ESO classes go some day we will enjoy it as much as possible and it will be a fantastic experience.
I hope we will go this year because we want so much to do this trip all together :')
Bye :)

CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

This are the differences I found in a webpage:

The perception is different and often selective:

• Expressions are differentiated according their importance: for the Inuits (Eskimos) snow is part of their everyday life, so many words exist to describe it. Similarly the Zulus use many words for the color "green”.
• In Arabic countries the odors (of condiments, coffee etc.) are often perceived in more differentiated ways than e. g. in northern America.
• In Asian countries the perception of time is rather past-oriented (ancestors, values), in Latin American countries as well as southern European countries rather present-oriented, and in western Europe as well as Noth America rather future-oriented.

Behavior and gestures are interpreted differently:

• Shaking the head in a horizontal direction in most countries means "no”, while in India it means "yes”, and in hindi language the voice lowers in pitch at the end of a question.
• Showing the thumb held upwards means in Latin America, especially Brazil, but also in many other countries "everything’s ok”, while it is understood in some Islamic countries as well as Sardinia and Greece as a rude sexual sign. Furthermore, the sign of thumb up may signify the number "one" in France and a few other central european countries.
• "Everything ok” is shown in western European countries, especially between pilots and divers, with the sign of the thumb and forefinger forming an "O”. This sign means in Japan "now we may talk about money”, in southern France the contrary ("nothing, without any value”), in Spain, some Latin American countries, Eastern Europe and Russia it is an indecent sexual sign.
• In North America as well as in Arabic countries the pauses between words are usually not too long, while in Japan pauses can give a contradictory sense to the spoken words by the meaning of pauses. Enduring silence is perceived as comfortable in Japan, while in Europe and North America it may cause insecureness and embarrassment. Scandinavians, by Western standards, are more tolerant of silent breaks during conversations.
• Laughing is connoted in most countries with happiness - in Japan it is often a sign of confusion, insecureness and embarrassment.
• In the UK Ireland and Commonwealth countries, the word "compromise” has a positive meaning (as a consent, an agreement where both parties win something); in the USA it may rather have negative connotations (as both parties lose something).
• In Mediterranean European countries, Latin America and Sub Saharan Africa, it is normal, or at least widely tolerated, to arrive half an hour late for a dinner invitaiton, whereas in Germany and Switzerland this would be extremely rude.
• If invited to dinner, in many Asian countries and Central America it is well-mannered to leave right after the dinner: the ones who don’t leave may indicate they have not eaten enough. In the Indian Sub-Continent, European and North American countries this is considered rude, indicating that the guest only wanted to eat but wouldn’t enjoy the company with the hosts.
• In Africa, saying to a female friend one has not seen for a while that she has put on weight means she is physically healthier than before or had a nice holiday, whereas this would be considered as an insult in Europe, North America and Australia.

SOCIAL SCIENCE-GLOSSARY UNIT 9 & 10

UNIT 9

Freight: goods or produced transported by ship, aircraft, train, lorry or van.

Capital flows: the large amounts of money being moved around the world.

Exports: goods or services that are sold outside the country where they are produced.

Imports: goods or services that are brought into a country from abroad for sale.

Balance of trade: the difference between the monetary value of the exports and the imports of a country.

Balance of payments: a record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world.

Retail: a type of trade in which businesses sell small quantities of goods directly to consumers.

Wholesale: trade in which buyers purchase large quantities of goods and sell them in smaller quantities to other companies. Individual consumers don’t have access to these markets.

Trade bloc: a group of countries that join together to form an area with special trade regulations.

Transport network: made up of lines that join two or more points.

Market: the meeting of buyers and sellers of goods and services. The market can be tangible or abstract. The market decides the price of goods and services.

Infrastructure: the basic physical and organizational structures needed for an economy to function.

Trade: the buying and selling of goods to meet the needs of the population.

Bartering: exchanging certain goods for others.

Tourism: a sector dedicated to travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes.

Information society: a society in which the creation, distribution and manipulation of information has become the most significant economic and cultural activity.

Public services: services that cover the basic needs of the population and contribute to its well-being. They are financed by money from taxes.

Private services: services that offered and managed by private companies. People pay the company directly for the service that it offers.

UNIT 10

Cereals: grasses grown for the edible components of their grain.

Mortgage: a loan to finance the purchase of private residential or commercial property.

Speculation: investment in stocks, property or other assets in the hope of gain, but with the risk of loss.

Crop: a cultivated plant to be harvested as food, animal fodder, fuel or for any other economic purpose.

Agricultural landscape: a landscape that has been transformed by people to cultivate crops and/or rear livestock.

Cultural heritage: the things, places and practices that define who we are as individuals, as communities, as nations or cultures.

Domestic tourism: tourism in which tourist do not leave their own country.

Large-scale tourism: travel and accommodation offered to large groups at affordable prices by tour operators.

Tour operators: a company that combines tour and travel components to cater for large-scale tourism.

High-speed rail: a type of rail transport involving high-speed trains.

Peak season: time of the year during which demand of tourism is highest

Off-peak season: time of the year during which demand of tourism is lowest.

Recession: a business cycle contraction; a general slowdown in economic activity.

P.E PROJECT-BADMINTON

SOCIAL SCIENCES PROJECT

GLOSSARY UNIT 8 (SOCIAL SCIENCE)

Mechanization: the use of machinery in the production process.

Mining: the process of extracting minerals from the ground.

Mineral: a naturally occurring solid chemical substance.

Fossil fuels: fuels that are formed by the decomposition of buried organic material, and exposure to heat and pressure.

Industry: any economic activity that produces a service or transforms raw materials into consumer goods.

Energy: power that comes from the utilization of physical or chemical resources.

Biomass: organic material used as a fuel that releases energy when burned.

Management: guarantee that the usable products function efficiently and ensure that high-quality goods are produced that can be sold at competitive prices.

Workforce: the employees required to produce goods and services.

Wind turbine: they transform the energy produced by the wind into electricity.

Solar panel: they convert solar energy into electricity.

Renewable energy: energy sources that are inexhaustible.

Non-renewable energy: energy sources that their supplies are limited.

Traditional energy: energy sources that are most commonly used.

Alternative energy: energy sources that are still being developed.

Heavy industry: it uses large quantities of resources.

Light industry: it produces goods that are ready for consumption.

Cutting-edge industries: they employ advanced technology.

Craftsperson: a person who makes products using basic tools and manual labour.

IDIOMS

1.-To be on the right track/To be on fire you are doing or thinking something in a way which could lead you to a good outcome.

2.-If you say you are as busy as a bee or call yourself a busy bee it means you are very busy.

3.-To go under the knife to have an operation

4.-If someone is two faced, it means they say nice things about someone to their face but say bad things about them behind their back.

5.-To feel blue means to feel sad.

6.-A grey area/Shades of grey is a topic with not clear solution often because there are no known rules or because it is hard to decide what is right or wrong.

7.-Pie in the sky to talk about something good that we would like to happen but which is unlikely to.

8.-In English, if someone wastes time trying to create something that has already been made, we say they’re reinventing the wheel.