lunes, 24 de febrero de 2014

SOCIAL SCIENCE GLOSSARY (UNIT 4 AND 5)

UNIT 4
Common market: a market based on common policies and the free movement of goods, services, people and capital.
Monetary union: the sharing of the same currency between two or more states.
Cohesion: the act of uniting or staying together.
Treaty: a formal agreement between two or more states related to international relations.
Heterogeneity: a thing that consists of dissimilar elements or parts.
Outsourcing: part of a company’s work is sent to another company, sometimes in a different country, because it’s a cheaper or more efficient option.
Fragmentation: when production processes occur in different phases, in different places.
Development: the act or process of growing or making progress.
Budget: a sum of money to be used for a specific purpose by a government.
Funds: the financial resources used by governments or political institutions for a specific purpose.
Investment: the act of using something to achieve a goal.
Subsidy: a type of financing offered by a government.
UNIT 5
Arbitrator: a person chosen to decide a dispute or settle differences. In a constitutional monarchy, the king is the arbitrator between governmental institutions.
Autonomous community: one of 17 institutions that form part of the Spanish territory with its own development government.
Constitutional monarchy: a system of government in which the king is the head of the state but the parliament chooses the government. The government manages the politics of the state.
Councilors: government officials that, together with the mayor, make up the town council.
Crown (the): the part of a constitutional monarchy represented by the king.
Decentralised Government: a system of government in which decision-making is develolved to a local level and is therefore closer to the citizens.
Life expectancy: the number of years a person or population is expected to live.
Ministers: government officials that, together with the president, make up the Spanish cabinet.
Municipality: the most basic administrative body in the Spanish territory. It’s made up of one or several settlements.
Post-industrial society: a society in which the economy has undergone a shift from the production of goods to the provision services.
Province: an administrative body made up of several municipalities in the Spanish territory.
Self-government: a system of government in which a community or region has authority to govern itself without the intervention of any other authority.
Statute of Autonomy: a law describing the institutions, laws and responsibilities for each of the autonomous communities in the Spanish territory.
Subsidiarity: the principle of devolving decisions to the lowest practical level so that services are closer to citizens.

Town Council: the organization that governs each municipality in Spain. It’s made up of the mayor and councilors.

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