VOCABULARY UNIT 3

Burglar: person who steal things
Robbed: something is robbed when someone steal it
Murder: person who kill another person
Suspects: people who can be the person that had comited a crime
Armed: person who has an arm (like,for example, a gun)
Hijack: person who rob airplains
Mug: rob violently
Witness: person that saw the crime
Gang: criminal
Punish: penalty for offence
Drug dealer: person who traffic with drugs
Kidnap: to carry off by force or trickery
Ransom: amount of money
Civilians: citizens

VOCABULARY UNIT 2

Survivor:  that survives
Flood: a great flowing or overflowing of water
Safe: offering security from danger
Injure: to cause physical or mental harm or suffering to; hurt or wound
Collapsed: to fall down or cave in suddenly
Mud: a fine-grained soft wet deposit that occurs on the ground after rain, at the bottom of ponds, lakes, etc
Ash: pieces of the gray or black powdery matter that remains after burning
Warn: to advise
Fearless: not afraid
Foot: bottom
To be fond of: you like very much something
Shelter: a building serving as a temporary place to live 
Homeless: people who have nowhere to live
Drowns: to die or kill by immersion in liquid 

DISASTERS

     NATURAL DISASTERS                                               MAN MADE DISASTERS

Earthquakes                                                                        Oil spill

 Tsunami                                                                               Pollution

                              Tornados                                                                             Fires

                              Volcano eruption                                                                 Acid rain

                              Huracanes                                                                           Global warming

                              Storms                                                                                Deforestation

                             Asteroids

                             Lightnings

                             Floods

                             Landslides

                             Sand storms

                             Droughts

VOCABULARY UNIT 1

Living it up: living well/enjoying your time.
Drawght: when there isn't water like in a desert.
Hood: short for neighborhood.
Dude: you.
Alrihty: okay.
"That'd hecka cool!": Hecka would mean the same as very, as in, "that is very cool" hecka is only used in the Bay Area.
"Yo, let's bail!": Yo is short for you, and bail to leave.
"That burrito is so bomb!": bomb means very good, as in "that burrito is very good" or "that burrito is very tasty".
"Breo, why you putting me on blast?": to put someone "on blast" is to call them out in front other people to embarrass someone in public.
"Why did you call me out in front of Jessica?": To call someone out is to reveal another's mistake in front of other.
"You are rocking those choes": to "rock" something means to wear it with style.
Heavy: when something is very sad or depresing.

NEW YORK OR LONDON

I prefer to go to New York City because we were in Ramsgate two years ago but we only had one day to visit London and that is what the reason I want to return to London, but really in London, like the students that were in 4th ESO last year becausewhen we went there we didn't spend so much time, but even so I want to go to New York for many other reasons:
-If we go to New York it will be an exchange and because of that we will meet new people that will probably be very nice and friendly.
-We will spend more time in New York than we were in London.
-We will visit a lot of interesting places like Central Park, the Statue of Liberty, Times Square, the Brooklyn Bridge, etc.
-It has a good weather.
-It is a fantastic idea and oportunity .
-If our class or the 4º ESO classes go some day we will enjoy it as much as possible and it will be a fantastic experience.
I hope we will go this year because we want so much to do this trip all together :')
Bye :)

CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

This are the differences I found in a webpage:

The perception is different and often selective:

• Expressions are differentiated according their importance: for the Inuits (Eskimos) snow is part of their everyday life, so many words exist to describe it. Similarly the Zulus use many words for the color "green”.
• In Arabic countries the odors (of condiments, coffee etc.) are often perceived in more differentiated ways than e. g. in northern America.
• In Asian countries the perception of time is rather past-oriented (ancestors, values), in Latin American countries as well as southern European countries rather present-oriented, and in western Europe as well as Noth America rather future-oriented.

Behavior and gestures are interpreted differently:

• Shaking the head in a horizontal direction in most countries means "no”, while in India it means "yes”, and in hindi language the voice lowers in pitch at the end of a question.
• Showing the thumb held upwards means in Latin America, especially Brazil, but also in many other countries "everything’s ok”, while it is understood in some Islamic countries as well as Sardinia and Greece as a rude sexual sign. Furthermore, the sign of thumb up may signify the number "one" in France and a few other central european countries.
• "Everything ok” is shown in western European countries, especially between pilots and divers, with the sign of the thumb and forefinger forming an "O”. This sign means in Japan "now we may talk about money”, in southern France the contrary ("nothing, without any value”), in Spain, some Latin American countries, Eastern Europe and Russia it is an indecent sexual sign.
• In North America as well as in Arabic countries the pauses between words are usually not too long, while in Japan pauses can give a contradictory sense to the spoken words by the meaning of pauses. Enduring silence is perceived as comfortable in Japan, while in Europe and North America it may cause insecureness and embarrassment. Scandinavians, by Western standards, are more tolerant of silent breaks during conversations.
• Laughing is connoted in most countries with happiness - in Japan it is often a sign of confusion, insecureness and embarrassment.
• In the UK Ireland and Commonwealth countries, the word "compromise” has a positive meaning (as a consent, an agreement where both parties win something); in the USA it may rather have negative connotations (as both parties lose something).
• In Mediterranean European countries, Latin America and Sub Saharan Africa, it is normal, or at least widely tolerated, to arrive half an hour late for a dinner invitaiton, whereas in Germany and Switzerland this would be extremely rude.
• If invited to dinner, in many Asian countries and Central America it is well-mannered to leave right after the dinner: the ones who don’t leave may indicate they have not eaten enough. In the Indian Sub-Continent, European and North American countries this is considered rude, indicating that the guest only wanted to eat but wouldn’t enjoy the company with the hosts.
• In Africa, saying to a female friend one has not seen for a while that she has put on weight means she is physically healthier than before or had a nice holiday, whereas this would be considered as an insult in Europe, North America and Australia.

SOCIAL SCIENCE-GLOSSARY UNIT 9 & 10

UNIT 9

Freight: goods or produced transported by ship, aircraft, train, lorry or van.

Capital flows: the large amounts of money being moved around the world.

Exports: goods or services that are sold outside the country where they are produced.

Imports: goods or services that are brought into a country from abroad for sale.

Balance of trade: the difference between the monetary value of the exports and the imports of a country.

Balance of payments: a record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world.

Retail: a type of trade in which businesses sell small quantities of goods directly to consumers.

Wholesale: trade in which buyers purchase large quantities of goods and sell them in smaller quantities to other companies. Individual consumers don’t have access to these markets.

Trade bloc: a group of countries that join together to form an area with special trade regulations.

Transport network: made up of lines that join two or more points.

Market: the meeting of buyers and sellers of goods and services. The market can be tangible or abstract. The market decides the price of goods and services.

Infrastructure: the basic physical and organizational structures needed for an economy to function.

Trade: the buying and selling of goods to meet the needs of the population.

Bartering: exchanging certain goods for others.

Tourism: a sector dedicated to travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes.

Information society: a society in which the creation, distribution and manipulation of information has become the most significant economic and cultural activity.

Public services: services that cover the basic needs of the population and contribute to its well-being. They are financed by money from taxes.

Private services: services that offered and managed by private companies. People pay the company directly for the service that it offers.

UNIT 10

Cereals: grasses grown for the edible components of their grain.

Mortgage: a loan to finance the purchase of private residential or commercial property.

Speculation: investment in stocks, property or other assets in the hope of gain, but with the risk of loss.

Crop: a cultivated plant to be harvested as food, animal fodder, fuel or for any other economic purpose.

Agricultural landscape: a landscape that has been transformed by people to cultivate crops and/or rear livestock.

Cultural heritage: the things, places and practices that define who we are as individuals, as communities, as nations or cultures.

Domestic tourism: tourism in which tourist do not leave their own country.

Large-scale tourism: travel and accommodation offered to large groups at affordable prices by tour operators.

Tour operators: a company that combines tour and travel components to cater for large-scale tourism.

High-speed rail: a type of rail transport involving high-speed trains.

Peak season: time of the year during which demand of tourism is highest

Off-peak season: time of the year during which demand of tourism is lowest.

Recession: a business cycle contraction; a general slowdown in economic activity.

P.E PROJECT-BADMINTON

SOCIAL SCIENCES PROJECT

GLOSSARY UNIT 8 (SOCIAL SCIENCE)

Mechanization: the use of machinery in the production process.

Mining: the process of extracting minerals from the ground.

Mineral: a naturally occurring solid chemical substance.

Fossil fuels: fuels that are formed by the decomposition of buried organic material, and exposure to heat and pressure.

Industry: any economic activity that produces a service or transforms raw materials into consumer goods.

Energy: power that comes from the utilization of physical or chemical resources.

Biomass: organic material used as a fuel that releases energy when burned.

Management: guarantee that the usable products function efficiently and ensure that high-quality goods are produced that can be sold at competitive prices.

Workforce: the employees required to produce goods and services.

Wind turbine: they transform the energy produced by the wind into electricity.

Solar panel: they convert solar energy into electricity.

Renewable energy: energy sources that are inexhaustible.

Non-renewable energy: energy sources that their supplies are limited.

Traditional energy: energy sources that are most commonly used.

Alternative energy: energy sources that are still being developed.

Heavy industry: it uses large quantities of resources.

Light industry: it produces goods that are ready for consumption.

Cutting-edge industries: they employ advanced technology.

Craftsperson: a person who makes products using basic tools and manual labour.

IDIOMS

1.-To be on the right track/To be on fire you are doing or thinking something in a way which could lead you to a good outcome.

2.-If you say you are as busy as a bee or call yourself a busy bee it means you are very busy.

3.-To go under the knife to have an operation

4.-If someone is two faced, it means they say nice things about someone to their face but say bad things about them behind their back.

5.-To feel blue means to feel sad.

6.-A grey area/Shades of grey is a topic with not clear solution often because there are no known rules or because it is hard to decide what is right or wrong.

7.-Pie in the sky to talk about something good that we would like to happen but which is unlikely to.

8.-In English, if someone wastes time trying to create something that has already been made, we say they’re reinventing the wheel.

ENGLISH PROJECT (DIDAPAGES)

file:///L:/3%C2%BA%20ESO/English%20Poject/index.html

MODERN TIMES

HANDBALL (PHYSICAL EDUCATION)

WARM UP

     a.-) General warm up:

           ·Activation: Cardiovascular activity: Jogging.

           ·Articular movement:  “swimming”, rotate the wrist outside and inside, move the legs     

            outside and inside, in pairs, with a ball, we throw the ball to our partner and vice versa.

           ·Stretching: quadriceps, calf muscle, adductor, dorsal, biceps, triceps, shoulder, neck.

     b.-) Specific warm up:

           ·MATAO: this game consists of two people that are in different places but in front of       

            each other and the rest of the people between them. One person on one of the sides

            has a ball and he/she has to eliminate the people in the middle by throwing the ball to

            them and the other person too.

           ·CATCH-CATCH (WITH A BALL): this game consists of one person who has to catch the  

            others by touching them with a ball and he/she can throw it to catch someone. When the

            ball hits someone, this person has to sit down on the floor . To save the people who are

            sitting down they have to take the ball, and if that person wants to save other people

            that is sitting down, he/she has to pass it to these people.

SMS VOCABULARY

0 - nothing

2 - two, to, too

2DAY - today

A - a / an

B - be

B4 - before

BC - because

BF - boyfriend

BK - back

BRO - brother

BT - but

C - see

D8 - date

DNR - dinner

EZ - easy

F8 - fate

GF - girlfriend

GR8 - great

HOLS - holidays

HV - have

I - I, it

Its - it is

KDS - kids

L8 - late

L8R - later

M8 - mate

NE1 - anyone

PLS - please

PS - parents

QT - cutie

R - are

SIS - sister

SKOOL - school

SMMR - summer

U - you

WR - were

A3 - anyplace, anytime, anywhere

ASAP - as soon as possible

B4N - Bye for now

BAU - business as usual

BRB - I'll be right back.

BTW - by the way

CUL - see you later

CWOT - complete waste of time

FTF - face to face

FYI - for your information

GMTA - great minds think alike

HAND - have a nice day

HRU - how are you

ICBW - it could be worse

IDTS - I don't think so

IMHO - in my humble opinion

IYKWIM - if you know what I mean

JK - just kidding

KOTC - kiss on the cheek

LOL - laughing out loud

LSKOL - long slow kiss on the lips

LTNS - long time no see

Luv U - I love you.

Luv U2 - I love you too.

MON - the middle of nowhere

MTE - my thoughts exactly

MU - I miss you.

MUSM - I miss you so much.

NP - no problem

OIC - oh, I see

PC&QT - peace and quiet

PCM - please call me

ROTFL - rolling on the floor laughing

RUOK - are you ok?

THNQ - thank you

U4E - you forever

UROK - you are okay

WUCIWUG - what you see is what you get

WYSIWYG - what you see is what you get

XLNT - exellent

ENGLISH PROJECT: COMIC

Here is the comic I did:

GLOSSARY UNIT 6 & 7 (SOCIAL SCIENCES)

UNIT 6

Economic activity: the different processes involved in the production and consumption of goods and services.

Economic agent: a person, group or institution involved in the economy.

Goods: tangible economic products that are usually consumed after production.

Services: economic activities that are intangible.

Production: an activity that provides goods and services for consumption.

Distribution: the marketing, delivery and sale of goods and services.

Marketing: the act of researching, promoting and advertising a product or service in order to sell it.

Consumption: the use of a product or service to satisfy needs or desires.

Supply: availability of something for use or sale.

Demand: the desire to own something in the market and the willingness to pay for it.

Inflation: a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in the economy or a decrease in value of the purchasing power of money.

Profit: the monetary gains of a business after all expenses have been met.

Tax: a monetary contribution to the government required of people, groups, or businesses.

Raw material: material on which a particular manufacturing process is carried out.

Telecommuting: the use of home computers, telephones, etc, to enable a person to work from home while maintaining contact with colleagues, customers, or a central office.

Employer: a person that employs workers

Employee: a person who is hired to work for another or for a business, firm, etc, in return for payment

UNIT 7

Plot: an area of land where crops are grown.

Soil: the top layer of the land surface of the earth that is composed of disintegrated rock particles, humus, water, and air

Crop rotation: the practice of growing different types of crops in the same area sequential seasons.

Extensive agriculture: an agricultural system that uses small inputs of labour, fertilizers, and capital, relative to the area of land that is being farmed.

Dryland farming: farming in which the fields receive only rainwater.

Irrigated farming: farming in which the fields don’t receive only rainwater.

Livestock farming: farming based on rearing animals to obtain products.

Housed livestock: livestock fed with fodder in farm buildings.

Fishing ground: an area of water that is used for fishing.

Aquaculture: an activity that consists of farming marine animals and plants in pool, ponds or enclosed areas of the coast.

SOCIAL SCIENCE (FAIR TRADE)

Here is my project:
http://belindabp.edu.glogster.com/fair-trade-belinda

IDIOMS

-To ask for the moon means to make unreasonable demands for things or to wish something impossible to achieve or to obtain.

-When you hold the fort it means that you take care of a place when the person normally in charge is away.

-Under the table is a phrase used to describe secretive behavior often suggesting corruption or illegality.

-To horse around means to behave in a silly way making noise and causing disruption.

-When you say someone has chicken out of something, you mean they have failed to do something or they haven’t tried to do it because they were afraid.

-When you say someone is a wise old owl you mean they are very experienced in life.

- A night owl is someone who stays up late into the night.

-When toy say someone is in safe hands you means they are being cared for someone who is confident and skilled.

-A safe pair of hands is a similar expression it refers to someone who can be trusted to do a good job avoiding mistakes.

-If someone tells you to hold your tongue it means they want you to stop talking because they don’t like what you are saying.

-If a situation is black and white it means you have a clear opinion about it you can easily see what you think is right and wrong.

-The phrase money doesn’t grow on trees means you mustn’t spend too much money as there is a limited amount of it.

-The phrase money is no object means that you have a lot of money avaible to spend.

-Let the chips fall there where they may means to allow things to happen no matter what consequences are.

-When you say something is as cheap as chips you mean it’s very cheap.

-If you are chasing your tail you are very busy doing a lot of different things but not achieving very much.

SOCIAL SCIENCE GLOSSARY (UNIT 4 AND 5)

UNIT 4

Common market: a market based on common policies and the free movement of goods, services, people and capital.

Monetary union: the sharing of the same currency between two or more states.

Cohesion: the act of uniting or staying together.

Treaty: a formal agreement between two or more states related to international relations.

Heterogeneity: a thing that consists of dissimilar elements or parts.

Outsourcing: part of a company’s work is sent to another company, sometimes in a different country, because it’s a cheaper or more efficient option.

Fragmentation: when production processes occur in different phases, in different places.

Development: the act or process of growing or making progress.

Budget: a sum of money to be used for a specific purpose by a government.

Funds: the financial resources used by governments or political institutions for a specific purpose.

Investment: the act of using something to achieve a goal.

Subsidy: a type of financing offered by a government.

UNIT 5

Arbitrator: a person chosen to decide a dispute or settle differences. In a constitutional monarchy, the king is the arbitrator between governmental institutions.

Autonomous community: one of 17 institutions that form part of the Spanish territory with its own development government.

Constitutional monarchy: a system of government in which the king is the head of the state but the parliament chooses the government. The government manages the politics of the state.

Councilors: government officials that, together with the mayor, make up the town council.

Crown (the): the part of a constitutional monarchy represented by the king.

Decentralised Government: a system of government in which decision-making is develolved to a local level and is therefore closer to the citizens.

Life expectancy: the number of years a person or population is expected to live.

Ministers: government officials that, together with the president, make up the Spanish cabinet.

Municipality: the most basic administrative body in the Spanish territory. It’s made up of one or several settlements.

Post-industrial society: a society in which the economy has undergone a shift from the production of goods to the provision services.

Province: an administrative body made up of several municipalities in the Spanish territory.

Self-government: a system of government in which a community or region has authority to govern itself without the intervention of any other authority.

Statute of Autonomy: a law describing the institutions, laws and responsibilities for each of the autonomous communities in the Spanish territory.

Subsidiarity: the principle of devolving decisions to the lowest practical level so that services are closer to citizens.

Town Council: the organization that governs each municipality in Spain. It’s made up of the mayor and councilors.

MY IDEAL CITY

Here is my Power Point presentation:

LETTER

Hi family.

We are very excited because you come here to meet us. We have planed a lot of things to do during the time you are going to stay here in Salamanca.

Now we are going to tell you what we are going to do in this week.

The first day we’re going to pick up you at Barajas’s airport at three o’clock. Then we go to our home by bus and then we have free time to meet our families during the rest of the day.

The second day we’re going to do a long walk around the village for you to know it. We could eat at the countryside unless it rains. After that, we are going to visit the Helmántico Stadium and if we have time we will play soccer, do any other activity or whatever you want. At night you are going to have dinner with your families.

The third day at the morning we probably will visit the quarry of the town. You’re going to eat with your families and after having lunch we are going to take the bus to Salamanca to visit Plaza Mayor and we will eat some tapas.

The fourth day after you eat with your families we are going to take the bus to go to Salamanca and visit the religious monuments like the old and new Cathedrals. Then you can go shopping. After that we’re gonna return to Villamayor and you can do what you want in the town with the families.

The fifth day we are going to Salamanca again to play a game that consists on a treasure hunt in different monuments around the city.

The sixth day you could propose us some activities to do.

SOCIAL SCIENCE

Do you think that having a Constitution is important for us?
I think that having a Constitution is important for us because if we don't have it we all don't know our rights and obligations and if we don't know the things we can't do, we probably, for example, can be arrest or have  a citation  of something we have do.

SOCIAL SCIENCE PROJECT (ESTONIA)

Here is my presentation of the project: